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Udo Erasmus, pioneer of essential fatty acids, EFA's, omega-3, omega fats, Udo's Choice, Udo's Oil, cold-pressed flax-seed oil, trans-fats, Trans Fatty acids
 
 
 

Intro.
Effects
Parameters
CV Factors
Graphical Data
Case Studies
Graphical Data
Summary

CASE STUDIES are broken up into 3 sections represented by Parts 6a, 6b, and 6c as listed on the top navigation bar.

 

ID#: 20
Sex: male
Age: 30
Sport/physical activity: medium-distance running
Non-smoker
 

Baseline

Post-supplementation

Reference

17/10/00

 

fasting glucose

4.0

 

3.7-5.2 mmol/L

HbA1c

0.049

 

0.041-0.061

Lp(a)

21.1

 

mg/dl

fibrinogen

7.4

 

5.0-12.0 �mol/L

triglycerides

0.9

 

<2.5 mmol/L

total cholesterol

5.5

 

<6.0 mmol/L

HDL cholesterol

1.4

 

>0.9 mmol/L

LDL cholesterol

3.7

 

<4.5 mmol/L

testosterone

   

males: 8-30 nmol/L

females: <3 nmol/L

TSH

   

0.1-4.0 mU/L

TT4

   

60-140 nmol/L

free TT3

   

1.1-2.5 nmol/L

TT3 capacity

   

0.75-1.25

  • Slight improvement in the intensity of his training sessions.

  • Did put on about 2 kg of weight, which was not all lean mass.

  • Did have side effects in the form digestive disturbances.� Went from slight constipation to frequent and loose stools like what is seen in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

  • Moved about 6 weeks into the trial and was lost to further follow-up.� So all the above-mentioned effects occurred within the first 6 weeks.

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  •  

    ID#: 21
    Sex: male
    Age: 30
    Sport/physical activity: weight resistance training, swimming
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    17/10/00

    11/12/00

    fasting glucose

    4.0

    4.6

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.050

    0.049

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    1.9

    3.8

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.3

    7.4

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    2.0

    1.2

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    5.1

    4.2

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.2

    1.5

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    3.0

    2.5

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Improved endurance and stamina, faster recuperation after exercising, increased intensity of exercise, and increased energy levels.� Can go harder at it whilst swimming and lifting weights.� For the latter, he can do more weight for each individual exercise. ���Furthermore, he recovers faster from individual training sessions.� For some exercises, the recuperation is down to 1-2 days as opposed to one week earlier.

  • More mental energy, which enabled him to deal better with mental stress than he'd expect.

  • Slightly increased weight.� About 2 - 2 1/2 kg.� Apparently lean mass.� Surprised him, because he had been training less than usual during the trial because of his new girlfriend and exams.

  • Skin is very soft (girlfriend's observation).

  • He had also recently found a new girlfriend, so some of the energy might be from being in love.

  • Had used the oil previously, albeit at much lower dosages.

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  •  

    ID#: 22
    Sex: male
    Age: 25
    Sport/physical activity: weight resistance training
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    17/10/00

    11/12/00

    fasting glucose

    3.8

    3.8

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.044

    0.047

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    9.1

    6.1

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.7

    8.2

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    1.1

    1.4

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.8

    4.0

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.2

    1.4

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.1

    2.0

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Put on about 2 kg. of lean mass - landing at 71 kg - which pleased him because he had been working at increasing his weight without success before entering the trial.� Also, his weight became more stable.� Beforehand, it would fluctuate between 67 to 71 kg.� This might also be linked to the fact that his appetite increased whilst on the oil - he felt well nourished.� Beforehand, he would often go over five hours without eating and feeling hungry.� Now, as his appetite is better, he eats regular meals.� Finally, strength increased, so he did more weight and sets whilst working out.

  • Skin improved.� Much fewer problems with rashes after shaving.

  • Better mood.� Noticed by his girlfriend, family, and friends as well.� He is happier and more out going.

  • Improved concentration.

  • His sleep had improved after 4 weeks, but no further improvements after 8 weeks.

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  •  

    ID#: 23
    Sex: female
    Age: 27
    Sport/physical activity: weight-resistance training
    Smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    17/10/00

    12/12/00

    fasting glucose

    3.1

    3.9

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.052

    0.053

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    19.9

    9.9

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.4

    no reading

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    0.9

    0.9

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.9

    3.7

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.4

    1.6

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.1

    1.7

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Increased energy levels in general and when working out.� When working out, she can get through the same exercises - number of sets, weight, repetitions etc. - in shorter time.� Furthermore, she does not need to have an afternoon nap after work, which she needed almost every day before starting on the oil. �Her sleep has improved in general.� It is deeper and more replenishing.

  • She recuperated faster after work outs.� Also, during the work outs, she needed lest rest time between sets.� That is another reason why she could complete the same work outs as previously in less time.

  • She injured her shoulder - probably at work - but the inflammation started subsiding faster than expected.� Also, she could do upper body exercises when working out - apart from those specifically targeting her shoulder - which she had not expected to be able to.� Nor had her physiotherapist.� In general, she did not have any problems with her shoulder, when it should have been bothering her constantly.

  • Her mood improved.� She became happier in general and it took more to make her angry, annoyed, or irritated.� It felt as if she had more mental energy, which she could then devote to others.

  • Her skin improved.� It became less prone to drying out and much softer.� Especially on her ankles.

  • Did put on about 1.5 kg on the high dosage.� It is not clear whether it was lean or muscle mass.

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  •  

    ID#: 24
    Sex: Female
    Age: 26
    Sport/physical activity: capoeira, semi-professional dancer
    Smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    07/12/00

    fasting glucose

    3.5

    4.0

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.048

    0.048

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    15.9

    20.0

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.8

    7.1

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    0.6

    0.5

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.5

    4.4

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.5

    1.9

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.7

    2.3

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • The oil made her feel very tired.

  • She only did 7 weeks instead of 8 because she had to go to Brazil.

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  •  

    ID#: 25
    Sex: male
    Age: 20
    Sport/physical activity: capoeira
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    05/01/01

    fasting glucose

    3.5

    4.0

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.044

    0.047

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    9.8

    15.6

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.8

    7.3

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    0.8

    0.7

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.3

    2.9

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.2

    1.1

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    1.7

    1.5

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Suffers from hypermobile joints, but whilst on the oil, they caused him fewer problems.� Most obvious from capoeira practice, where he was able to go into positions and stances, which would previously have made his joints hurt subsequently.� But they did not.

  • His appetite was slightly decreased and he felt no need to eat nuts and seeds.� On the other hand, he felt the urge to drink much more water than before entering the trial.

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  •  

    ID#: 26
    Sex: male
    Age: 23
    Sport/physical activity: medium- and long-distance running
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    15/12/00

    fasting glucose

    3.7

    3.3

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.051

    0.052

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    4.9

    2.9

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    6.0

    6.5

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    1.3

    0.8

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.4

    4.5

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.1

    1.6

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.7

    2.5

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Possibly a slight increase in energy levels and recuperation after practicing.� Several mornings, he was less tired and aching when waking up than he had expected considering the previous days' training.

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  •  

    ID#: 27
    Sex: male
    Age: 26
    Sport/physical activity: weight-resistance training
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    03/01/01

    fasting glucose

    4.2

    4.6

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.045

    0.050

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    88.9

    99.9

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.2

    8.7

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    1.4

    2.0

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.3

    5.3

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.5

    1.5

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.2

    2.9

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Skin less dry.

  • Weight increased a few kg. but it seemed like it was mainly lean mass.

  • His shoulder used to trouble him when doing exercises focusing especially on them.� They would ache and creak.� Not a problem whilst taking the oil.� Previously, he had to warm up his shoulders specifically.

  • His sleep might be slightly deeper.

  • He did not quite follow the dosage protocol because of a misunderstanding.� For the first 4 weeks he only took the low dosage, then he took the medium dosage during the 5th week, and the high dosage from the 6th week and on.

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  •  

    ID#: 28
    Sex: male
    Age: 19
    Sport/physical activity: medium- and long-distance running
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    15/12/00

    fasting glucose

    4.2

    3.9

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.051

    0.051

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    7.7

    6.7

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    10.3

    9.1

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    2.7

    0.7

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.3

    3.3

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.4

    2.4

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    1.6

    0.7

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Improved stamina and ability to recover between individual practices.� Went from doing a total of 90 km a week to approx. 147 km a week; he runs every day and does a total of 12-14 individual runs a week.� Had no problems with recuperating despite this massive increase in his training, which surprised him.� Also, he wasn't able to run himself to exhaustion.� NB: he broke his arm shortly before entering the trial and therefore decided to run himself to exhaustion since he couldn't participate in competitions.� Has broken an arm on 3 previous occasions.� This time, his fracture stopped hurting after a surprisingly short time.� Hence, he felt that he could actually take the cast off

  • Put on 4-5 kg of bodyweight.� Seems to be mainly lean mass, as he can't see any extra fat anywhere on his body.� At the same time, he eats less.� Only 2/3 of normal according to his own estimate.

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  •  

    ID#: 29
    Sex: male
    Age: 32
    Sport/physical activity: medium- and long-distance running
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

    15/12/00

    fasting glucose

    2.0

    3.9

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.045

    0.045

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    91.9

    81.8

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.5

    7.2

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    2.1

    0.9

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.3

    4.3

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.3

    1.4

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.0

    2.5

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

                        Felt no effects from supplementation, not positive or negative.

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    ID#: 30
    Sex: female
    Age: 28
    Sport/physical activity: medium- and long-distance running
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

     

    fasting glucose

    3.7

     

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.046

     

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    3.0

     

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.1

     

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    0.7

     

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.7

     

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.3

     

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.1

     

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Felt no effects from the oil, neither positive nor negative.

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  • ID#: 31
    Sex: female
    Age: 24
    Sport/physical activity: amateur kickboxing
    Smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    19/10/00

     

    fasting glucose

    3.4

     

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.048

     

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    2.6

     

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.3

     

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    0.9

     

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.3

     

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.3

     

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    1.6

     

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Got severe nausea from ingesting the oil and thus discontinued taking it after a few weeks and left the trial.� She did not feel any other effects from the oil, neither positive nor negative.

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  •  

    ID#: 32
    Sex: male
    Age: 37
    Sport/physical activity: triathlon
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Midway

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    30/10/00

    03/01/01

    21/02/01

    fasting glucose

    4.2

    4.2

    3.9

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.054

    0.054

    0.054

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    12.9

    23.9

    17.8

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.5

    12.8

    8,4

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    1.4

    1.3

    0.9

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.9

    5.0

    4.9

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.3

    1.7

    1.8

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    3.0

    2.7

    2.7

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

         

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

         

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

         

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

         

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

         

    0.75-1.25

  • "The first time I really noticed a difference was when I started training really hard after 3 or 4 weeks of using the oil.� I went to Lanzarote and thought, I'd only be there for a week so I could as well train really hard.� I will not be able to really wear myself out in a week.I felt things getting better from day to day.� Usually I get tired as the day progresses and can't get the pulse up and going.� But I had lots of energy and kept on training the whole day.� Up in the morning, some swimming, running, then some weights, and on and on.� It would be late and dark when I finished for the day, but I would still have lots of energy.� Everyday, boom, out of bed at 8 o'clock and I'd be ready.� They [the training center] have lots of morning activities. �Running, gymnastics, swimming.� I did something before breakfast every single day.� It was the first time I tried that and had the energy for it.

  • "I recover better and faster.� This both applies to the time between individual practice sessions and within each practice session."

  • "It puzzles me.� It's winter, I've been very stressed, hard training, and not slept well.� Nonetheless, I haven't gone down with the flu".

  • "I've been working my legs harder without getting any problems with my knees."

  • He has subsequently been in Lanzarote for similar training camps and felt the same again, that he could go on for the whole week(s) without burning out.

  • In subsequent conversations, he has also mentioned that he doesn't get sunburned as easily when attending training camps or participating in triathlons in regions with strong sunshine.� Nor does his skin get as dry from all the swimming and biking as it used to do.

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  •  

    ID#: 33
    Sex: male
    Age: 32
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Midway

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    03/01/01

    21/02/00

    fasting glucose

    4.0

    4.5

    4.2

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.052

    0.049

    0.051

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    19.5

    22.0

    16.2

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    7.3

    6.9

    7.3

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    1.6

    1.7

    0.8

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.9

    5.3

    4.1

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    0.9

    1.1

    1.0

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    3.3

    3.4

    2.7

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

         

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

         

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

         

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

         

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

         

    0.75-1.25

  • Improved energy levels in general and when training.� In general, he does not feel as tired as before.� Furthermore feels more clear headed and focused on top of being better able to concentrate.

  • Not as tired as before.� Can do with less sleep and feels more awake throughout the day.

  • Faster recuperation from training.� He is always fully recovered for training again the next day.

  • Slight digestive complaints and headaches for a couple of days after going on the high dosage.� But this then went away.

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  •  

    ID#: 34
    Sex: male
    Age: 39
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Midway

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    03/01/01

    21/02/01

    fasting glucose

    4.8

    4.9

    4.3

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.058

    0.054

    0.058

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    4.9

    3.5

    4.3

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    9.4

    8.3

    7.0

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    0.5

    0.8

    0.3

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.3

    3.9

    3.2

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.2

    1.7

    1.5

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    1.9

    1.8

    1.6

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

         

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

         

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

         

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

         

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

         

    0.75-1.25

  • Improvements in stamina, endurance, recuperation after training, and energy levels.� It takes him longer time before reaching fatigue during training.� Feels like training much more than usual because he has this increase in stamina and endurance.� This is also because he always manages to recover from any day to the next.� Even when he does 3-5 days in a row.� If he felt tired, he obviously would not feel like training that much.

  • Slightly increased concentration.

  • Improved skin.� His facial skin is not as dry anymore, so he can do with very little facial lotion or even without.� Before, he had to apply lotion to his face after being on the road, or it would get very dry.� This is major for a cyclist.

  • He went on a week's vacation in Southern Europe in the spring 2001.� When he got back to Denmark, his suntan lasted for much longer than usual.� Also, he did not get sunburned as easily.

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  •  

    ID#: 35
    Sex: male
    Age: 44
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Midway

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    03/01/01

    21/02/01

    fasting glucose

    4.7

    4.5

    4.2

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.054

    0.047

    0.052

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    2.1

    1.9

    2.2

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    10.2

    7.6

    8.0

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    0.9

    1.3

    0.8

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    5.3

    5.4

    4.9

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.8

    1.9

    1.5

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    3.1

    2.9

    3.0

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

         

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

         

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

         

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

         

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

         

    0.75-1.25

  • Knee joints are more flexible, which resulted in an extended range of motion when doing stretches and other exercises requiring extension of joints.

  • Improvements in energy levels, stamina and endurance, and faster recuperation after training.� His legs are fine after 1-2 days instead of 2-3 days.

  • Skin has become very soft.� Feels as if lotion has been applied from to the inside of the skin.

  • Sleeps better and deeper.� Doesn't wake up as easily as before.� Does not get disturbed in the middle of the night by sounds from his environment.� Feels slightly more sleepy right when he wakes up.� Also has an easier time falling asleep.

  • Experienced GI irritation for a week or so when starting the high dosage of the oil.

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  •  

    ID#: 36
    Sex: male
    Age: 30
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    03/01/01

    fasting glucose

    4.3

    3.9

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.046

    0.044

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    31.5

    21.6

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.9

    8.5

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    0.8

    0.6

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    3.5

    3.4

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.4

    1.4

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    1.7

    1.7

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • His skin got better, especially in the facial area.� Not that he had any problems before hand, but it became even softer and did not have the same tendency to dry out.

  • Improved energy-levels and recuperation after training sessions.

  • During the first couple of weeks, he would get "hot flushes" after ingesting the oil.� He'd sweat and feel very warm despite not having done any physical exercise.� During this time, he also had a slightly decreased appetite.

  • Did not put on very much weight, if any at all, which surprised him considering it was the least active period of his season.

  • Had not been down the flu, a cold, or anything like that over the winter, which surprised him.

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  •  

    ID#: 37
    Sex: male
    Age: 20
    Sport/physical activity: capoeira
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    02/03/01

    fasting glucose

    4.2

    4.3

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.048

    0.050

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    2.3

    2.3

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    9.7

    9.9

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    0.8

    1.1

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4.1

    4.6

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.0

    1.1

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.7

    3.0

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

     

    29

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

     

    1.7

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

     

    100

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

     

    2.7

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

     

    0.99

    0.75-1.25

  • Improved range of motion in his joints.� Most obvious in relation to his capoeira training.� He was able to do stances, postures, and go into positions he could not do previously because his joints would extend further.� Also, he had fewer problems with inflammation and tenderness in his wrists after practice whilst on the oil.� These effects appeared within a week of supplementation and disappeared again a week after stopping on the oil.

  • He caught his breath faster after biking to work (15 km each way).� Also, he did not feel as fatigued afterwards.

  • His appetite decreased slightly and he might have put on a bit of weight.� Approx. 1 kg.

  • The high dosage caused queasiness.

  • He did have a break in the middle of the trial - about 3 weeks - because of pneumonia.� He was so nauseous during this time, that he couldn't ingest the oil.

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  •  

    ID#: 38
    Sex: male
    Age: 36
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/11/00

    03/01/01

    fasting glucose

    4.5

    4.8

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.052

    0.051

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    3.4

    3.4

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.4

    10.5

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    1.7

    1.4

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    6.2

    6.3

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.2

    1.2

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    4.2

    4.5

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • No effects from supplementation, neither positive nor negative.

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  •  

    ID#: 39
    Sex: male
    Age: 27
    Sport/physical activity: amateur biking
    Non-smoker
     

    Baseline

    Post-supplementation

    Reference

    08/10/00

    03/01/01

    fasting glucose

    4.5

    4.2

    3.7-5.2 mmol/L

    HbA1c

    0.048

    0.048

    0.041-0.061

    Lp(a)

    24.1

    20.4

    mg/dl

    fibrinogen

    8.2

    7.1

    5.0-12.0 �mol/L

    triglycerides

    1.3

    1.2

    <2.5 mmol/L

    total cholesterol

    4

    4.8

    <6.0 mmol/L

    HDL cholesterol

    1.1

    1.4

    >0.9 mmol/L

    LDL cholesterol

    2.3

    2.9

    <4.5 mmol/L

    testosterone

       

    males: 8-30 nmol/L

    females: <3 nmol/L

    TSH

       

    0.1-4.0 mU/L

    TT4

       

    60-140 nmol/L

    free TT3

       

    1.1-2.5 nmol/L

    TT3 capacity

       

    0.75-1.25

  • Increased energy-levels, stamina, endurance, and recuperation.

  • Improved digestion at the low and medium-dosages (0.3 and 0.45 gr. of oil pr. kg. of bodyweight daily).

  • Nausea, tiredness, dizziness, and upset stomach at the high dosage (0.6 gr. of oil pr. kg. of bodyweight daily).

  • Improved concentration.

  • He was positively surprised over what he had felt after 8 weeks of supplementation.

  • In the spring of 2001, he has had his best season ever, even beating several of the pro-cyclists and consistently performing better than any previous season.



  • Intro.
    Effects
    Parameters
    CV Factors
    Graphical Data
    Case Studies
    Graphical Data
    Summary
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